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By EPN Staff
Key Points
  • Stanford researchers estimate wildfire smoke kills about 40,000 Americans per year, comparable to deaths from car crashes or homicides.
  • Although western states see the most fires, drifting smoke increasingly threatens eastern states’ air quality and health.
  • Efforts include proposals for a U.S. Wildland Fire Service, more firefighting resources, public education to reduce ignitions, and forest-management steps like underbrush thinning and prescribed burns.

The effects of devastating wildfires can stretch far beyond the scorched landscape, with tens of thousands of Americans dying annually of respiratory illnesses and other diseases linked to toxic smoke from fires that consume open lands and communities, according to a recent study

"We estimate that wildfire smoke over the past decade has killed around 40,000 Americans a year,” one of the study’s authors reported. “That's roughly the same as homicides or vehicle accidents.”

Why it matters

Wildfires cause billions of dollars in damage in the U.S. annually, and the Stanford research estimates those impacts will increase over the next two decades. While historically associated with western states, wildfires pose a risk to eastern states, too, as demonstrated by drifting smoke from western and Canadian fires. 

Research has found human-started wildfires account for 84% of all wildfires, with an estimated 97% of fires in Southern California classified as human-started. These fires have fueled longer fire seasons and are more consuming than lightning-started fires. 

The bigger picture

These impacts illustrate advocates’ efforts to raise awareness of forest fires, how to prevent them and how policies can be implemented to manage risks. 

  • A coalition of electric companies, businesses and advocacy groups has advocated for a federal strategy to coordinate wildfire management, response and resilience. 
  • The Trump administration’s efforts to create a new U.S. Wildland Fire Service within the Department of Interior. 
  • Ongoing efforts to reduce ignitions by increasing public awareness of fire risk, educating people about fire safety, and increasing the presence of law enforcement in national parks. 
  • Increasing firefighting resources in vulnerable communities.
  • State and community efforts to develop policies and programs to help protect residents and address insurability issues.  
  • Thinning underbrush and reintroducing prescribed burning to reduce fuel load.

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